A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z
| abandon | anforlætan; forlætan; ofgiefan (5) |
|---|---|
| abbess | abbudisse, f. |
| abbot | abbod, m. |
| abduct | forwgan |
| abide | anbidian |
| ability | cræft; mæð |
| able, be | magan |
| about | abutan; be (+dat) |
| above | onuppan |
| accept | onfon |
| accomplish | forðian; fremman |
| according to (prep) | æfter (+dat) |
| accost | nægan |
| acknowledge | oncnawan |
| acquaint (s.o. with s.t.) | acythan |
| acquire | begietan (sv 5) |
| act | gefaran |
| active (adj) | from; hwæt |
| active, be | onettan |
| adder | nædre |
| address | næfan |
| admonish | manian |
| adorn | bywan; fægrian; frætwan; ge-frætwan; glengan gyrwan |
| advance | faran (6) |
| advanced | gelyfed |
| advantage | duguð |
| adversary | andsaca, m |
| advice | ræd, m |
| advise | læran; ge-læran; rædan |
| advisor | rædbora |
| affectionately | luflice |
| afflict | bysigian; gedrefan |
| affliction | myrðu; niþ, m |
| afraid | forht |
| afraid, be | ondrædan |
| after | æfter; ofer |
| afterwards (adv) | æfter; eft |
| again | eft; ongean |
| against | on; ongean |
| age (n) | ealdor, n |
| age (v) | forealdian |
| agreeable | leof |
| air | lyft, f |
| ale | ealu |
| alien | ellorgæst; elþeodig |
| alight | lihtan |
| alive | cwic |
| all (adj) | eall |
| all (adv) | eall |
| allow | alyfan |
| allowed | be allowed to: motan |
| almighty | ælmihtig |
| alongside | onemn |
| also | eac; eac swa; eac swelce (swa); swelce eac |
| always, adv. | a; awa; æfre |
| amid | mid |
| amidst | onmiddan |
| among | betweox, betwux; ongemang |
| ancestor (paternal) | rihtfæderencyn |
| ancestors | ieldran |
| ancient | eald; gamol |
| and | ac; and; ond; eac; ge |
| angel | engel; gast |
| angry | hatheart |
| animal | deor |
| announce | abeodan, sv 2; beodan; |
| another | elra; oðer |
| answer (vb) | answarian; andwyrdan (+dat); oncweðan |
| answer (noun) | answaru, f |
| anxious | nearo |
| any | ænig |
| anything | awiht, n.; owiht |
| anywhere | ahwær |
| appear | ætywan |
| appearance | onsyn, f |
| apply | befæstan |
| apply oneself | befeolan |
| approach | gretan |
| archer | sceotan |
| arise | arisan (sv 1) |
| aristocratic | indryhten |
| arm | earm, m |
| armour | herepad |
| army | fyrd; here; prass, m |
| around | abutan |
| arouse | aweccan |
| arrange | endebyrdan; gefadian; ge-logian |
| arrangement | fadung |
| arrest | gehætan |
| arrive | gelendan |
| arrogance | byldu; ofermod; ricceter |
| arrow | flan; onga |
| art | list, f |
| artifice | searoþonc |
| ascend | astigan |
| ash | æsc, m. |
| ask | ascian; acsian; biddan; frignan (3) |
| asleep | fall asleep: onslepan |
| ass | assa, m |
| assembly | mæðd, n; meðelstede |
| astonished, be | ofwundrian |
| at | æt |
| at last | ænextan |
| attain | geferan |
| attention | pay attention to: onmunan |
| attitude | gebæro, n. |
| audacious | frecne |
| authority | onweald, m |
| autumn | hærfæst |
| await | abidan (sv 1); bidan; gebidan |
| awaken | aweccan; onwæcan |
| away (adv) | from; onweg |
| awe | egesa, m |
| awesome | egeslic |
| awl | awel, m. |
| bachelor | hagostealdmon |
|---|---|
| back | bæc, n; hrycg |
| back (adv) | eft; ongean |
| bag | fætels, m |
| bait | æs, n. |
| bake (vb) | abacan; bacan |
| baker | bæcere, m |
| band | heap |
| bane | bana |
| banner | fana |
| baptism | fulwiht |
| baptismal rite | fulluhtþeaw |
| bath | bæð, n.; gecamp |
| bathhouse | burnsele |
| bathe | baþian |
| batter | cnyssan |
| battle | beadu, n.; fæhðo, f; feoht; gefeoht; folcgewin; garræs; guð; hild; orlege, m |
| be | beon, wesan (irregular) |
| beacon | beacen, n. |
| beam | beam, m. |
| bear | beran (sv 6) |
| beast | nieten |
| beat | beatan |
| beautiful | ænlic; fæger; freolic |
| beautify | fægrian |
| beauty | fægernis |
| become beautiful | fægrian |
| become gloomy | drysmian |
| bed | bedd, n.; leger |
| befall | alimpan; gesælan |
| befit | gedafenian |
| before (adv) | ær, æror, ærest |
| before (prep) | ætforan |
| beforehand | foran to |
| beg for | giernan |
| begin | beginnan (sv 3); onginnan (3) |
| beginning | anginn, n.; fruma, m.; or, n |
| beguile | lytegian |
| behind (prep) | beæftan (+dat) |
| behold | behealdan; sceawian |
| belief | ge-leafa |
| believe | geliefan |
| belligerent | aglæca |
| bellows | bielg, m |
| belly | hrif, n |
| belonging to | gelong |
| beloved | deore; leof |
| belt | belt, m |
| bemoan | begnornian; mænan |
| bench | benc, f. |
| bend | gebigean; bugan; hyldan; lutan; onbugan; onhnigan |
| bend down | onlutan |
| benefit (v) | dugan; fremman |
| benefit (n) | duguð fiorm, f.; fremsumnes; nyttnes, f |
| benefit from | brucan |
| bequeathe | læfan |
| beset | besettan |
| besides | eac; eac þon |
| bestower | brytta |
| best | betst; cyst (n); selest |
| better | betera |
| between (prep) | betweonan (+dat); betweox |
| bewail | cwiðan |
| beyond (prep) | begeondan (+dat) |
| bid | biddan |
| bin | binn |
| bind | bindan; gebindan; sælan |
| binder | bindere, m. |
| bird | bridd; fugol, m |
| birdlime | lim, m |
| bishop | biscop |
| bite (v) | bitan |
| bite (n) | bite, m |
| bitter | biter; heard |
| black | blæc |
| blacksmith | isensmiþ |
| bladder | bielg, m. |
| blame (v) | lean (6) |
| bless | bletsian; segnian; ge-segnian |
| blessed | eadig; ge-sælig; ge-sæliglic; ge-sælice |
| blessedness | eadignes |
| blessing | bletsung, f |
| blind (vb) | ablendan, wv 1 |
| blink | bryhtm, m |
| bliss | bletsung, f.; eadignes; hyht |
| blood | blod; heolfor |
| bloody | blodig |
| bloom | blowan |
| blossom | blostma |
| blow | blawan |
| blow (n) | dynt |
| blow upon | bewawan; biwawan |
| bluff | næss |
| boar | bar, m; eofor |
| board (naut) | bord, n. |
| boast | beot, n.; gylpword |
| boastful | beotlic |
| boasting | gylp |
| boat | bat; naca, m; sæbat |
| bodily | lichomlic |
| body | bodig, n.; feorgbold, n; feorhhus, n.; flæschama; lic; lichama |
| boil | brædan |
| bold (adj) | bald; caf; deor; gedyrstig; frecne |
| boldly | baldlice; caflice; cene; modiglice |
| boldness | byldu |
| bond | bend |
| bone | ban |
| book | boc |
| border | mearc, f |
| bosom | bearm, m.; bosm, m. |
| both | ægðer; begen; butu; in both respects: gehwæðeres |
| both … and (correl conj) | ægðer … ge; (ægðer) ge … ge |
| bottle | flasce, m |
| boundary | mearc, f |
| bow | boga, m. |
| bow (v) | hyldan; onlutan |
| bow down: | hnigan; onhnigan |
| boy | cnapa; cniht |
| braid | bregdan |
| brandish | acweccan |
| brass | mæstling |
| brave | caf; cene; collenferð; deor; heard; heardhicgende; heaþodeor heaþorof; hildedeor; modig; secgrof |
| bravely | caflice; cene; modiglice |
| bread | hlaf |
| break | brecan |
| breast | breost; ferðloca; hreðerloca |
| bridge | bricg |
| bridgeguard | bricgweard |
| bridlepath | horsweg |
| brief | medmicel |
| brier | brer |
| bright | beorht |
| bring | beran (sv6); brengan; bringan; gebringan; lædan |
| bring forth | acennan; asprytan; forþbringan |
| bring in | inlædan |
| bristle | byrst, f |
| broad | brad |
| broth | broþ |
| brother | broðor |
| buddy | gefera |
| build | betimbran |
| build around | bewyrcan |
| building | edor; foldbold, n; hof, n; reced |
| buildings | scurbeorg |
| burden | hefigan |
| burdensome | hefigtyme |
| burial place | byrgen |
| burn | byrnan; forbærnan; ontendan |
| burn down: | forbeornan (3) |
| burn up: | forbærnan |
| burning | bærnett, n.; brond, n.; bryne |
| burst | berstan (sv 3) |
| bury | bebyrgan; bedelfan; burgan |
| busy | bysig |
| but | a; butan, buton; hwæðere; nefne |
| butter | butere, f |
| buy | bycgan; gebycgan; ceapian; geceapian |
| buy off | forgyldan |
| by fram (+dat) |
by means of: mid |
carry away;
| call | ceallian; clipian, clypian; hatan; nemnan |
|---|---|
| call out | clipian, clypian |
| can | cunnan; magan |
| canon | canon |
| cape | hoh, m |
| capital | heahburg |
| captive | hæft, m |
| capture | læccan |
| care | reccan |
| care about | gyman; reccan |
| care for (v) | freoþian; gyman |
| care | bisgu; cearo, f.; heord, f |
| careless | recceleas |
| carry | beran (sv 6); ferian |
| oðberan | |
| carry out | forðian; ge-læstan |
| carve | ceorfan (sv 3) |
| catch | betræppan; fon (7); gefon (7); gehæftan; læccan |
| cathedral | mynster |
| cattle | neat, n; nieten; orf, n |
| cause | intinga |
| causeway | bricg |
| cave | eorðscræf; hlæw |
| cellar | cleofa |
| certain | cuðlic |
| certainly | hura |
| chamber | bur, m |
| champion | cempa |
| chance | gesælan |
| change | awendan; hwierfan; onhweorfan (3); onwendan |
| chapel | gebedhus |
| chase | bedrifan; ehtan |
| cheerful | bliðe |
| cheerfully | rotlice |
| cheese | ciese, m. |
| chest | breost; hreðerloca |
| chest (i.e. container): | scryn |
| chew the cud | eodorcan |
| chicken | cicen |
| child | bearn, n.; cild; lytling |
| childbearing | geacnung |
| chill | ciele, n |
| chipped | sceard |
| choose | ceosan |
| church | cirice, circe; mynster |
| circuit | begong |
| citizens | ceasterware; leod, m |
| city | burgsteall; burgstede; burgtun; eard |
| city building | burgræced |
| city dweller | ceasterbuend |
| clash | hnitan |
| clasp | beclyppan |
| claw | grap, f |
| clean (ad) | clæne |
| clean (vb) | feormian |
| cleanliness | clænnis |
| cleanse | fæsian |
| cleanser | feormynd |
| clear | geryman |
| clearly | andgitfullice |
| cliff | clif, n. |
| close (adj) | nearo |
| close (v) | betynan |
| clothe | scrydan |
| clothing | scrud |
| coal | gled |
| coast | særima |
| coffer | scryn |
| cold (ad) | cald; |
| cold (n) | cald; ciele, n. |
| collapse | gedreosan |
| colour | bleo, n. |
| combatitive | aglæca |
| come | becuman; cuman; |
| come after | æfterfylgan |
| come to pass | alimpan |
| comfort (n) | eðnis |
| comfort (v) | frefran |
| comfortable | sefteadig |
| coming | cume |
| command (v) | bebeodan; beodan; hatan |
| command (n) | hæs; onweald, m |
| commander | heretoga |
| commend | bebeodan |
| (be) committed to (s.t.) | cnodan |
| community | geferscipe, m. |
| companion | gefera; heorðgeneat; ge-selda |
| company | gedræg; heap |
| compell | abædan |
| complete (adj) | full |
| complete (v) | geendian |
| completely | clæne; eall; ful |
| comrade | eaxlgestealle; gefera; geneat |
| conceal | behydan; deagan; gehydan; miþan |
| concern | bisgu |
| concerning | be (+dat) |
| conclude | betynan |
| conclusion | ende |
| confess | andettan |
| confidant | gehola, m; runwita |
| confirm | befæstan |
| conflict | guðplega, m |
| confront | nægan |
| conscience | ingehygd, f |
| consecrate | halgian |
| consolation | frofor |
| console | frefran |
| consult | run |
| consume | gefeormian |
| contain | belucan |
| contempt | forhognis |
| contend | lacan; genæstan |
| contest (n) | geflit |
| contest (v) | flitan |
| continue | ge-læstan |
| control | ge-reccan |
| convenient | hyþelic |
| cook | coc |
| cool (v) | colian |
| copper | ar, n |
| corpse | hræw |
| correct (v) | gerihtan |
| correctly | rihte |
| corrupt | geblandan |
| costly | deorwierþe |
| cottage | bur, m |
| coulter | culter, m |
| council | gemot |
| counsel (n) | larcwida |
| counsel (v) | rædan |
| counsellor | runwita |
| country | eard; folclond; land, lond; londstede |
| courage | ellen, n; hige; mod |
| course | drohtoð; for, f. |
| courageous | heaþorof; heaþodeor; modig |
| cover (v) | besettan; bewreon; bihreosan |
| cover (v) | helm, m |
| cover with liquid | begeotan (sv 2) |
| cowardly | earh |
| crab | crabba, m |
| craft | cræft |
| create | scieppan; ge-scieppan |
| creation | frumsceaft; ge-sceaft, f; ge-sceap, f |
| creator | meotod; scieppend |
| creature | ge-sceaft, f |
| crime | fyren; man; mandrinc; morð; mor;thorn;or |
| cross oneself | segnian; ge-segnian |
| cross | gealgu; gealgtreo; rod |
| sign of the cross: | rodetacn |
| cross-beam | eaxlgespann |
| cruel | reþe |
| crust | rind |
| cry | cyrm, m; hleoðor |
| cuckoo | geac |
| cudgel | sagol |
| cunning | list, f |
| cup | bune; druncfæt |
| curse | awiergan |
| custody | heord, f |
| cut (n) | bite, m. |
| cut (ad) | sceard |
| cut the hair | efsian |
| cut down | aheawan (sv 7); forheawan (7); fyllan; heawan |
| cut off | beheawan |
| cut through | forslean (6) |
| damage (n) | hearm |
|---|---|
| damn (vb) | awiergan |
| danger | frecennis; pleoh, m |
| dangerous | frecne; pleolic |
| dare | durran |
| daring | gedyrstig; frecne |
| dark | deorc; fealu |
| darken | nipan, genipan |
| darkness | heolstor, m; ge-nip; sceadu |
| dart | onga |
| dejected | hean |
| demon | scynscaþa |
| desirable | lustbære |
| desire | geornfulnes; lust, m; neodlaðu |
| desiring | gelysted |
| desolate | feasceaftig |
| despair | forðencan |
| despondent | ormod |
| despoil | forhergian |
| determined | higeþigtig |
| determinedly | eornoste |
| dash | cnossian; (against) cnyssan |
| daughter | dohtor |
| dawn | dægræd |
| day | dæg; dogor (poet) |
| day, number of | dægrim, n. |
| day’s work | dægweorc, n. |
| days gone by | geardagas |
| days of life | ealdordagas |
| daybreak | ærdæg, m. |
| dead | dead |
| deadly | ættryne |
| dear | deore; leof |
| death | cwalu, f; deaþ ealdorgedæl; forðfor; forðweg; fyl, m.; guðdeað, m; lifgedæl |
| decay | afeallan; brosnian |
| deceitful | geap |
| deceive | bepæcan; beswican; lytegian |
| decide | ge-rædan |
| declare | gecyðan |
| decline | dreosan; oðfæstan |
| decorated | fah; ge-regnad |
| deed | dæd |
| deep | deop |
| deeply | deoplic |
| deer | heorot |
| defence | gebeorg, n. |
| defend | beorgan, gebeorgan; ealgian |
| defile | afylan |
| delight | dream |
| deliver (a message) | abeodan (sv 2) |
| deliver (s.t.) | betæcan |
| densely | nearolice |
| depart | afaran, sv 6; geleoran |
| departure | forðweg; fromsiþ |
| deprive | bedæan (+dat); beniman; bidreosan; biniman; bistelan; |
| deprived | befeallen |
| deride | ahliehhan (sv 7) |
| descent | æþelo, np |
| deserve | geearnian |
| despise | forseon |
| despoil | behlyþan |
| destroy | bereofan; fordon; forleosan; ofslean |
| deviate from | ahyldan |
| devil | helsceaða |
| devour | ge-etan (5); forswelgan; fretan |
| die | gefaran; forðferan |
| dig (v) | delfan |
| digging (n) | gedelf |
| diligently | neodlice |
| diminish | lytlian |
| dire | ealfelo |
| direct (v) | gedihtan; gerihtan |
| directions, in all | æghweder |
| dirt | greot |
| discard | aweorpan |
| disclose | iewan; onwreon |
| discover | geascian; onfindan |
| disease | adl, f |
| disengage | geæmetigan |
| disgrace | bysmor; edwit |
| disgraceful | scand |
| dish | disc |
| dishonourable (adj) | arleas |
| dismount | lihtan |
| dispense with | forþolian |
| dispose | endebyrdan |
| dispute | geflit |
| dispute (v) | flitan |
| distant | fierlen |
| distort | aweorpan |
| distress | hreðerbealo; nearones; oncyðð |
| disturb | drefan |
| disturbance | myrðu, f |
| dive | dufan |
| divine | godcund |
| divinely | godcundlice |
| divinity | godcundnes |
| do | don; gefremman |
| do without: | forþolian |
| doctrine | lar |
| donor | goldgiefa |
| door | duru, f |
| down | dun; ofdune |
| drag | bregdan |
| dragon | draca; wyrm |
| drape with (s.t.) | behon |
| draw | ateon |
| draw near | nealecan |
| draw (a sword) | bregdan |
| dreadful | atelic; egeslic |
| dream | gemætan |
| drench | begeotan (sv 2); besteman; beswillan |
| dress (v) | gyrwan |
| dress (n) | hrægl |
| drink (v) | drincan |
| drink (n) | drynce |
| drive | bedrifan (sv 1); cnossian; drifan |
| drive out | adræfan (sv 1) |
| drown | besencan |
| dumb | dumb |
| during | on |
| dust | dust; greot |
| dwell | buan |
| dwelling | byht; eardgeard |
| each | ægðer; ælc; gehwa; gehwelc |
|---|---|
| eager | eallgearo; fus (+gen); georn; geornful |
| eagerly | georne; geornlice |
| eagle | earn, n |
| ear | eare |
| earlier | æror |
| early morning | ærnemergen |
| earn | geearnian |
| earnestly | eornoste |
| earth | eormengrund; eorð folde; grund, m; hruse, f; molde, f |
| ease | eðnis |
| easily | eaðe |
| east | east
from the east: eastan |
| eat | brucan; etan (5); ge-etan (5); forswelgan |
| eat up | gefeormian; fretan |
| ebb-tide | ebba |
| edge | ecg |
| edit | endebyrdan |
| eel | æl, m. |
| eight | eahte |
| either | gehwæðer |
| elders | ieldran |
| eleventh | endlyfta |
| else | elles |
| ember | gled |
| embrace (v) | beclyppan; clyppan |
| embrace (n) | fæðm |
| emperor | casere |
| employment | notu, f |
| empty (adj) | æmettig |
| empty (vb) | geæmetigan |
| enclose | befon (sv 7); lucan |
| enclosure | burg, byrig; geard; hege; loc, n |
| encounter (n) | gemot |
| encounter (v) | metan |
| encourage | byldan |
| end | ende |
| end (v> | geendian |
| endow | ge-godian |
| enemy | andsaca, m.; feond, m.; feondsceaþa, m; fynd, feond |
| England | Angelcynn |
| English, the | Engle |
| English (adj) | Englisc |
| English language | Engliscgereorde |
| enjoy | brucan; notian |
| enmity | fæhðo, f; feondræden, f. |
| enough | genog |
| enrage | gebelgan; gremian |
| enraged | bolgenmod |
| ensnare | beswican; besyrwan |
| entertainment | gomen |
| entice | atyhtan |
| entire | full |
| entirely | clæne; eall; fullice |
| entrap | besyrwan; betræppan |
| entreat | giernan |
| entrust | betæcan |
| entry | ingong, m. |
| envelop | bewindan (sv 3) |
| equip | gescyrpan |
| error | gedwol; gedwyld |
| escape | ætberstan; losian |
| especially | huru |
| essential | niedbeðearf |
| establish | arædan; astellan; (a truce) fæstnian; onstellan |
| esteem | eahtian |
| eternal | ece |
| eternally | ece |
| eucharist | husl |
| even | efne; furþum |
| evening | æfen; æfentid, f. |
| evening speech | æfenspræc,f |
| event | gelimp |
| eventually | ænextan |
| ever | æfre |
| everlasting | ece |
| every | ælc |
| every one (pro) | æghwa; gehwa |
| everything | æghwa |
| everywhere | æghweder; gehær |
| exalt | onhebban |
| examine | beseon; geondsceawian |
| examination | sceawung |
| example | gebisnung; bysen, f |
| excellence | fægernis |
| excellent | ærgod; betlic |
| except | butan, buton |
| except (con) | nefne; nemne; nymþe |
| exemplar | bysen, f |
| exhort | manian; gemanian |
| exile | adræfan |
| experience | gebidan |
| experienced | frod |
| extend | astreccan; ryman |
| explain | reccan |
| exult | ahliehhan (sv 6) |
| eye | eage, n. |
| fable | leasung | |
|---|---|---|
| face | andwlita, m.; onsyn, f | |
| fade | searian | |
| fail | abreoðan | |
| faith | ge-leafa | |
| faithful | ge-leafful | |
| fall | fyl, m.; hryre, m | |
| false | leas | |
| fall | befeallan; crincgan (sv 3); feallan; gefeallan; hreosan | |
| fall apart | berstan (sv 3) | |
| fall off | afeallan | |
| fame | hlisa, m; mærðu, f | |
| familiar | cuð | |
| family | cynn | |
| famine | hungor | |
| famous | mære | |
| far (adj) | feor | |
| far (adv) | feor; as far as: oð | |
| fare | feran | |
| farmer | ierþling | |
| farming | eorþtilþ | |
| fast (adj) | fæst | |
| fast (n) | fæsten | |
| fast (adv) | fæste | |
| fast (v) | fæstan | |
| fasten | besmiþian; fæstnian; gefæstnian; sælan | |
| fat | fæt | |
| fatal | ættryne | |
| fated | fæge | |
| father | fæder | |
| favour | ar, f; geearnung; milts | |
| fear (n) | ege, m; fyrhtu | |
| fear (v) | forhtian | |
| fearful | egeslic | |
| feast | gebeorscipe; fyllo, f | |
| feather | feðer | |
| feed | afedan; fedan | |
| feel | gefelan | |
| fell (v) | fyllan | |
| fellowship | geferscipe, m | |
| fence | hege | |
| festivity | mondream | |
| fetch | gefecgan; fetian | |
| fetter | clomm, clamm, n.; feter, f. | |
| feud | fæhðo, f | |
| few | feawe; hwon; lyt | |
| fiction | leasung | |
| field | æcer, m; feld, m. | |
| fierce | biter; gram; grim; heard; reþe | |
| fiercely | grimme; heardlice | |
| fifty | fifteg | |
| fig | fic | |
| fight (v) | feohtan (3); gefeohtan (3); lacan | |
| fight (n) | feohte, f | |
| figleaf | ficleaf | |
| file (n) | feole | |
| file (v) | feolian | |
| fill (v) | fyllan; ge-fyllan | |
| fill (n) | fyllo, f | |
| fill up | filled (adj) | full |
| find | findan; gemetan | |
| find fault with: | lean (6) | |
| find out: | cunnian; gefrignan (3) | |
| finger | finger, m. | |
| fingernail | nægl | |
| fire | brond, n.; bryne; lig | |
| firm (adj) | fæst | |
| firmly (adv) | fæstlice | |
| first (adj) | ærest; fyrmest | |
| first (adv) | ærest; forma | |
| firstborn | frum-bearn, n. | |
| fish (n) | fisc, m | |
| fish (v) | fiscian | |
| fisherman, | fiscere, m | |
| fitness | mæð, f | |
| fitting | gedefe; riht; gerisenlic | |
| fittingly | gerisenlice | |
| five | fif | |
| fixed | fæst | |
| flame | lig | |
| flammable | libgysig | |
| flask | flasce, m | |
| flee | fleon (2); forbugan (2); sceacan | |
| fleet | sciphere | |
| flight | fleam, m; flyht | |
| fling | bregdan | |
| float | fleotan | |
| flood (n) | flod, m | |
| floor | flet; flor, m | |
| flow (v) | flowan (2); | |
| flow (n) | gang, m | |
| flow around | beflowan | |
| fly | fleogan (2) | |
| fly away | ætfleogan | |
| fodder | fodor | |
| follow | æfterfylgan; folgian; fylgan; læstan | |
| folly | dysignese | |
| food | bileofa; fodor; mete | |
| foolish | dol; dysig | |
| foolishness | dysignes | |
| foot | fot, m | |
| footstep | fotstapol | |
| for, in place of | fore (+dat) | |
| forbid | forbeodan (2) | |
| force | cræft; mæenþise | |
| ford | ford, m | |
| foreign | elþeodig | |
| foremost | fyrmest | |
| forest | holt; holtwudu | |
| forever, adv. | a; awa; æfre | |
| forgive | forgiefan | |
| forgiveness | forgifenes | |
| form (n) | hiw | |
| formerly | geo | |
| fornication | forliger | |
| forsake | forlætan | |
| forsee | foresceawian | |
| forth | forð | |
| fortress | fæsten | |
| forward | forð | |
| foul | ful | |
| four | feower | |
| fourteen | feowertyne | |
| fowler | fuglere | |
| free (vb) | geæmetigan | |
| free (adj) | freo; freolic | |
| frequent | gelome | |
| frequently | geneahhe | |
| freight | hlast | |
| friend | freond; heorðgeneat; gehola, m | |
| friendless | freondleas | |
| friendship | freod, f | |
| friendly | bliðe; bliðemod; hold | |
| friendship | freondscipe | |
| from | æt; fram (+dat); of (+dat) | |
| from afar | feorran | |
| from here | heonon | |
| from near | nean | |
| from the north | norðan | |
| from within | innan | |
| frost | forst, n.; hrim, m | |
| frosty | hrinde | |
| frozen | freorig | |
| fulfilment | gefillednys | |
| full (adj) | full | |
| fully | fullice | |
| furious | reþe | |
| further | furþur |
| gain | begietan (sv 5) |
|---|---|
| gallop | ærnan; hleapan (7) |
| gallows | gealgu; gealgtreo |
| game | gomen; huntoþ |
| gannet | ganet |
| garden | neorxenawang |
| garment | hrægl; reaf |
| gate | geat, n |
| gather | ge-gaðerian |
| gaze | behealdan (sv 7) |
| gem | gimm, m; searogim |
| generous | cystig |
| gentle | liþe; monðwære |
| get | begietan (sv 5); gegongan (7) |
| gesture | gebære |
| get up | astandan |
| ghost | gast |
| giant | ent; eoten |
| gift | giefu, f |
| gird | gyrdan |
| give | forgiefan; giefan (5) |
| give birth | acennan |
| give thought | hogian |
| give up | alecgan |
| give way | abugan; onirnan (3) |
| given | gifeðe |
| giver | brytta |
| gladly | bliðelice; lustfullice |
| glas | glæs |
| gleeming | scir |
| glide | sriþan |
| glorious | mære |
| glory | blæd; mærðu, f |
| go | faran (6); feran; gan; gongan (7); hweorfan |
| go mad | awedan |
| goad | gad, f |
| goat | gat |
| goathair | gatehær |
| goblet | bune |
| god | god, n. |
| godson | godsunu |
| gold | gold, n. |
| goldsmith | goldsmiþ |
| good | god |
| good deed | fremu, f |
| goodness | god |
| goods | god |
| gore | helofor |
| gospel | godspel |
| grace | ar |
| gracious | glæd hold |
| grain | corn |
| granted by fate | gifeðe |
| grapple | genæstan |
| grasp | grap, f; gripe |
| grave | byrgen; eorðscræf; græf; moldern, n |
| great | mæst; micel; rice |
| greatest | mæst |
| greatly | miclum |
| greedy | gifre; grædig |
| green | grene |
| greet | gretan; halettan |
| grey | græg; har |
| grey-haired | feaxhar; gomelfeax; har |
| grief | hearm; oncyðð |
| grim | biter |
| grimly | grimme |
| grind | grindan |
| grip | clomm, n; clamm, n; grap, f.; gripe |
| ground | folde; grunde |
| grove | bearu |
| grow, grow up | aweaxan (sv 7) |
| grow dark | nipan, genipan |
| grow old | forealdian |
| grow over | beweaxan |
| grow pale | blacian |
| grow desolate | dreorgian |
| grow old | ealdian |
| guard | bewitan |
| guardian | hyrde |
| guardianship | hyrdræden, f |
| guilty | fah; scyldig |
| hail (v) | halettan | |
|---|---|---|
| hail | hægl | |
| hailstorm | hæglfaru | |
| half | healf | |
| hall | dryhtsele; gifheall; goldsele, m; heall, f; reced; sæ, n; sele | |
| hand | folme; hand, f | |
| handgrip | mundgripe | |
| hang | hangian; hon | |
| hanged, be | hon | |
| happen | alimpan; befeallan; limpan; ge-limpan; ge-sælan | |
| happily | ge-sælice | |
| happiness | bliss, f; sæl, m/f | |
| happy | fægen; gesæliglic | |
| hard | forheard; heard | |
| hardship | gedeorf; earfoð | |
| hardship, time of | earfoðhwil | |
| harm (n) | bealo, n.; frecennis; hearm | |
| harm (v) | derian | |
| harness | gerædu | |
| harp | gleobeam; hearpe | |
| hasp | hæpse | |
| haste | hreading, f | |
| hasten | efstan; onettan | hasten away: sceacan |
| hateful | atol; lað | |
| hatred | niþ, m | |
| have | agan; habban | have to: sculan |
| hawk | hafoc | |
| head | hafela; heafod | |
| headland | næss | |
| headless | heafodleas | |
| heal | halian; hælan | |
| healthy | halwende | |
| hear | hieran; gehieran | |
| hearing | gehyrnes, f | |
| hearsay | gefræge | |
| heart | breostcofa; breosthord; ferðloca; heorte, f; hige; hordcofa, m hreþer, n; modsefa; sefa, m | |
| heat | hat, n | |
| heathen | hæþen | |
| heaven | heofon, m; rodor | |
| heavenly | heofonlic | |
| heavy | hefig | |
| hedgehog | igl | |
| heed | onmunan | |
| heel | hoh, m | |
| heirloom | laf, f | |
| hell | hell, f | |
| helmet | helm, m | |
| help (v) | fultumian; ge-fultumian; fylstan (+dat); helpan | |
| help (n) | fultum; geoc; help, f | |
| hence | heonon | |
| herder | hyrde | |
| here (adv) | her | |
| hereafter | heræfter | |
| heresy | gedwol; gedwyld | |
| heretic | gedwolmann | |
| hero | hæeþ, m; hererinc, m | |
| herring | hæring | |
| hew | heawan | |
| hidden | deogollice | |
| hiding place | heolstor, m | |
| high | heah | |
| hide (n) | hyd | |
| hide (v) | behydan; deagan; hydan | |
| hill | beorg, m.; dun | |
| himself, herself | self | |
| hinder | ge-lettan | |
| hither | hider | |
| hoard (n) | hord, m | |
| hoard (v) | hydan | |
| hoarfrost | hrim, m. | |
| hoarse | has | |
| hoary | har | |
| hold | habban; heabban; gehealdan | |
| hold fast | gebindan | |
| holly | holen | |
| holly | holen | |
| holy | halig | |
| home (adj) | ham | |
| home (n) | ham | |
| homeland | eard; eþel | |
| homewards | ham | |
| honourable | arweorðe; gerisenlic | |
| honourably (adv) | arlice | |
| hook | angel, m | |
| horn | horn, m | |
| horrible | atelic | |
| horror | fyrhtu | |
| horse | eoh; hengest; hors, n; mearh | |
| horseguard | renweard | |
| host | husl | |
| hostage | gisl | |
| hostile | bealohydig; gram | |
| hostility | anda | |
| hot | hat | |
| how | hu | |
| however | hwæðere | |
| house | hus; sele | |
| human beings | firas | |
| humble | eadmod; eaðmod | |
| humble (v) | hnæan | |
| humbly | eadmolice; eaðmodlice | |
| humiliating | heanlic | |
| hundred | hund | |
| hunger | hungor | |
| hunt (n) | hunta; huntoþ | |
| hunting | huntoþ | |
| huntsman | hunta |
| I, me, my | ic, me, min |
|---|---|
| icecold | hrimceald; isceald |
| icicle | hrimgicel |
| idle | idel |
| if | gif |
| ignorant | dysig; læwede |
| illustrious | mære |
| image | anlicness, f; onlicnes, f |
| imagine | asmeagan |
| imitate | geæfenlæcan |
| immediate | hrædlice |
| immigration | ingong, m. |
| imminent | neah |
| impel | afysan (wv 1) |
| improve | gebetan |
| impulsive | hatheort |
| in (adv) | in |
| in (prep) | binnan; in (+dat); on |
| in addition to | eac |
| in advance | foran to |
| in front of | ætforan; biforan (+ dat) |
| incarnation | menniscnis |
| incite | hwettan |
| incline | onhyldan; onlutan |
| increase (n) | eaca |
| indicate | gebicnian |
| infantry | feða |
| infect | geblandan |
| inform | cyðan |
| ingenuity | hwætred; searoþnc |
| inhabit | buan |
| inhabitants | landbuend |
| inheritance | laf, f |
| injure | hynan; sceðan |
| injury | bealo, n. |
| innocent | bilewit |
| inquire | frignan (3) |
| inside (adv) | in; inne |
| insolently | orhlice |
| inspiration | inbryrdnes |
| inspire | onbærnan |
| institute (v) | onstellan |
| intact | gehal |
| intelligence | andgit; orþonc |
| intelligently | andgitfullice |
| intend | hogian; myntan |
| intention | gehygd; ingehygd, f |
| intersection | eaxlgespann |
| interval | tæc |
| into | on |
| invite | laðian |
| iron | isen |
| island | ealond; eglond |
| ivory | elpendban |
| javelin | gafeluc |
|---|---|
| jewel | eorcanstan; gimstan |
| jewelry | eorcanstan |
| join | lucan |
| joint | banloca |
| joke | gleowian |
| journey | for, f |
| joy | bletsung, f; dream; hyht; liss; sæl, m/f |
| joyfully | glædlice; gliwstafum |
| joyous | gloædmod |
| judge (v) | deman |
| judgment | dom, m. |
| judgment day | domdæg; domesdæg |
| jurisdiction | onweald, m |
| justice | riht |
| keel | ceol |
|---|---|
| keen | cene |
| keep | healdan |
| keeper | hyrde |
| kidnap | forwegan |
| kill | acwellan; cwellan; gefyllan; heawan; hynan; ofslean |
| killer | bana |
| kin | cynn; cyþþ |
| kind | gecynd; cynn |
| kind (adj) | glæd; liþe; milde; monðwære |
| kindness | liss |
| kindle | onæan; onbærnan; ontendan |
| king | cyning |
| kingdom | cyneric; rice |
| kiss | cyssan |
| knee | cneo, n |
| knit | bregdan |
| know, know how to | cunnan |
| knowledge | ongytenes, f |
| ladder | hlæder | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| lament | begnornian; cwiðan | ||
| lake | mere | ||
| land (n) | land, n | ||
| land | gelendan | ||
| language | -geþiode | ||
| lap | bearm, m. | ||
| large | micel | larger: mara | |
| Latin | læen | ||
| laugh | hliehhan | laugh at: ahliehhan | |
| laughter | hleahtor | ||
| law | æ, f | ||
| lawful | gecynde | ||
| lay (n) | læwede | ||
| lay (v) | lecgan | ||
| lay down | alecgan | ||
| lay hold of | begietan (sv 5) | ||
| lay waste | awestan | ||
| lead | lædan; ge-lædan | ||
| leader | ealdor, m.; folctoga; heafodman; heretoga; leodfruma | ||
| leap | hleapan | leap upon: gehleapan (7) | leap up: ahleapan (sv 7) |
| learn | learnian; ge-leornian | ||
| learn (by asking) | geascian; gefrignan (3) | ||
| learning | liornung | ||
| least | læsst | ||
| leather bag | bielg, m. | ||
| leave | afaran, sv 6; læfan; geleoran | ||
| leave unfulfilled | aleogan | ||
| leggings | leþerhose | ||
| lent | lencten | ||
| less | læs; læssa | ||
| lest | þy læs þe | ||
| let | lætan | ||
| let go | forlætan | ||
| letter | ærendgewrit | ||
| liberate | onlysan | ||
| lichen | ræg | ||
| lie | licgan; restan | ||
| life | ealdor, n.; feorh, n.; lif; lifdagas | ||
| life-sustaining | frþfriðende | ||
| lift | lædan | ||
| lift up | ahebban (sv 7); hebban; ræran | ||
| light | leoht; scima | ||
| like | gelic; gelice | ||
| likewise | eac swa | ||
| limb | lim, n; liþ | ||
| limited | mæte | ||
| linen | linen | ||
| listen | hieran; hlystan; gehlystan | ||
| literature | boccræft | ||
| little | fea; hwon; lyt; lytel | ||
| live | libban | ||
| livestock | orf, n | ||
| lo (inter) | hwæt | ||
| load | hlast | ||
| lobster | loppestre | ||
| lock | belucan; lucan | ||
| lock (n) | hæpse | ||
| log | beam, m. | ||
| long (adj) | lang, long | ||
| long ago | ealdes; geara | ||
| longing | langoþ | ||
| look | beseon | look at: sceawian | |
| lord | drihten; frea, m; freadryhten; goldgiefa; goldwine; heorra; hlaford | ||
| lordly | dryhtlic | ||
| loss | demm, m | ||
| lost (be, get) | losian | ||
| loud | hlud | ||
| loud (adv | hlude | ||
| loudly | hlude | ||
| love (n) | frendscipe; lufu | ||
| love (v) | freogan; lufian | ||
| loved | felaleof | ||
| lover | freond | ||
| lovingly | freondlice | ||
| lower | onhyldan | ||
| loyal | hold | ||
| luck | hælo, f | ||
| lumber | healwudu | ||
| lurk | lutian | ||
| lust | lust, m | ||
| lying | leasung |
| magnificence | onmedla | |
|---|---|---|
| magnificent | dryhtlic | |
| maiden | fæmne; mægð | |
| maintain | gehealdan | |
| make | don; macian | |
| make beautiful | gef&elig;rian | |
| make famous | mæran | |
| make glad | gef&elig;nian | |
| make known | acythan; cyðan; gecyðan | |
| make use of | neotan | |
| make wet | besteman | |
| male | mann | |
| malice | anda; niþ, m | |
| man | beorn, m.; esne, m; guma; mann; hæle, m; leod, m; mann, m; mæcg; reordberend; rinc; scealc, m; secg |
|
| manger | binn | |
| mankind | feorhcynn, n.; foldbuend; mancynn | |
| many | fela; manig | many a: manig |
| maple | hlin | |
| mare | myre, f | |
| marsh | fen; fenhlið; mor | |
| marvel | ofwundrian | |
| master | frea; hlaford | |
| masterless | hlafordless | |
| may | motan | |
| mead | medodrinc; meodo | |
| meadhall | meodoheall | |
| meaning | andgit, n. | |
| measure | gemet | |
| meat | flæscmete | |
| meditate | geondþencean | |
| mediation | run | |
| meet | findan; metan; gemetan | |
| meet with | geferan | |
| meeting | gemot | |
| meetingplace | meðelstede | |
| melt | gemeltan | |
| memory | gemynd | |
| men | ælde, mp | |
| merchant | ciepemann | |
| merciful | milde; mildheort | |
| mercy | ar, f; mildheortnes; milts | |
| message | ærende, n.; ærendgewrit | |
| messenger | ar, m.; ærendraca; boda | |
| metre | gemet | |
| mew | mæw | |
| midday | middæg | |
| middle | midd | in the middle of: onmiddan |
| midnight | middeneaht, f | |
| might | miht | |
| mighty | mihtig | |
| milestone | milgemearc | |
| milk | melcan | |
| mind | ferð; hige; mod; gemynd | |
| mindful | gemyndig | |
| mingle | gemengan | |
| misdeed | misdæd, f | |
| miserable | earmlic; earmsceapen | |
| miserably | earmlice | |
| misery | iermðu | |
| misfortune | demm, m; gelimp | |
| misleading | gedwolsum | |
| missile | flan; scotung | |
| mist | ge-nip | |
| mock | bysmerian; gebysmerian | |
| moderate | medmicel | |
| moderately, | mid gemete; gemetlice | |
| monastery | mynster | |
| monastic orders | munuchad | |
| monasticism | munuchad | |
| money | feoh; sceatt | |
| monk | munuc | |
| monster | sceadugenga | |
| month | monað | |
| moor | mor | |
| more | ma; mara | any more than: þon ma þe |
| moreover | eac swelce (swa); swelce eac; eac þon | |
| morning | morgen r |
|
| most | mæst | |
| mostly | mæste | |
| moth | moð&eht;e, f | |
| mother | modor | |
| mound | hlæw | |
| mount | gehleapan (7) | |
| mountain | beorg, m.; dun; munt | |
| mountainside | beorghliþ, n | |
| mountain slope | beorghliþ, n | |
| mountain stream | fyrgenstream | |
| mountainwood | fyrgenholt | |
| mourn | gnornian; murnan | |
| mouth | muð | |
| move | astyrian; onhreran | |
| much | miccle; micel | |
| must, be obliged | sculan | |
| much (n) | micel, n | |
| mudcrust | lamrind | |
| multiply | gemanigfealdan | |
| multitude | dryht; menigu | |
| murder | morþor | |
| mutilate | sceard | |
| my, mine | min |
| nail, fingernail | nægl | |
|---|---|---|
| naked | nacod | |
| name (n) | nama, m | |
| name (v) | hatan; nemnan | |
| narrative | ge-recednis | |
| narrow | nearo | |
| nation | folc, n; leodscipe; mægð | |
| natural | gecynde | |
| nature | cynd | |
| navy | flothere; sciphere | |
| near (adj) | neah; nean | |
| near (adv) | neah | |
| near to | gehende (+dat) | |
| nearby | gehende | |
| necessary | niedbehefe; niedbeðearf | |
| neck | hals, m | |
| need | beþurfan | |
| needle | nædl | |
| neglect | forlætan | |
| negligent | recceleas | |
| neighbourhood | neawest | |
| neither | naþer; nohwæðer | |
| neither … nor | ne …. ne; nohwæðer … ne | |
| nephew | nefa | |
| net | nett, n | |
| never | na; næfre | |
| nevertheless | hwæðere; noht þon læs | |
| new | niwe | |
| newly | niwan | |
| next | oðer | |
| night | niht, f; nihthelm | |
| nightcrawler | sceadugenga | |
| nightshift | nihtweorc, n | |
| nightwatch | nihtwaco | |
| nightwork | nihtweorc, n | |
| ninety | hundnigontig | |
| no | na; nic | |
| nobility | eorlscipe; indrhyto, f | |
| noble | æðele; cynelic; freolic; hærlic; indryhten | noble kinsman: freomæg |
| nobleman | ealdorman; eorl | |
| nobly | manlice | |
| noise | breahtm | |
| none | nænig | |
| noon | middæg | |
| nor even | ne eac | |
| nor | ne … ne | |
| northwards | norð | |
| nostril | nosþyrl | |
| not | ne; nic; noht | |
| not at all; by no means | na; nateshwon; næs; nealles; noht | |
| nothing | nanwuht; nawiht | |
| notorious | mære | |
| now | nu | now that: nu |
| oak tree | actreo, m | |
|---|---|---|
| oar | ar, f | |
| oath | að | |
| obedience | gehiersumnes | |
| obey | hieran; hiersumian; ge-hiersumian | |
| obliged, be | sculan | |
| observe | healdan | |
| observer | sceawere, m | |
| obtain | begietan (sv 5); gegongan | |
| occasion | mæl; sæl | |
| occupation (=worry) | bisgu | |
| occupy | bysigian | |
| occurrence | gelimp | |
| ocean | geofon, m/n; gelagu; mereflod | |
| ocean current | sæstream | |
| ocean path, route | brimlad | |
| offer | beodan; gebeodan; offrian; ge-offrian | offer up: ge-offrian |
| offering | lac; offrung | |
| office | had | |
| offspring | eafore; ofspring; sæd | |
| often | geneahhe; oft | |
| oil | ele, m | |
| old | eald; frod; gamol | |
| on (adv) | on | |
| on | on (+d,a) | |
| on this side of (prep) | behionan | |
| one | an | |
| one (indef pro) | man | |
| only (conj) | butan, buton | |
| only (adv) | efne | |
| onto | on | |
| onward (adv) | on | |
| open (adj) | open | |
| open (v) | openian; geryman | |
| openly (adv) | openlice | |
| opponent | andsaca, m | |
| opportunity | byre | |
| oppose | ongeanstandan | |
| oppressive | hefig | |
| or | hwæþer þe; oþþe | |
| oratory | gebedhus | |
| ordain | hadian; ge-scrifan | |
| order (n) | endebyrdnes, f; fadung; had (=religious order); hæs | |
| order | hatan | |
| origin | æþelo, np; ; gecynd | |
| original | bysen, f | |
| ornament | fæt; frætwe (pl); hyrst, f | |
| ornament (v) | frætwan | |
| ornamented | fæted; ge-regnad | |
| orthodox | rihtgeleaffull | |
| other | oðer | |
| otherwise | elcor; elles | |
| ought to | sculan | |
| outcast (adj) | fah | |
| outcry | gebære, n. | |
| over | ofer (+dat/acc) | |
| overcome | ofercuman | |
| overconfidence | ofermod | |
| overhang | oferhelmian | |
| overrun | gegongan (7); ofergan | |
| overshadow | oferhelmian | |
| overtake | beridan | |
| own (adj) | agen | |
| own | agan | |
| ox | oxa, m | |
| oxherd (a useful word in modern English) | oxanhierde, m |
| pain | sar; sarnes |
|---|---|
| painful | sar; sarlic |
| pantry | cleofa; hedærn |
| paradise | neorxenawang, n |
| pardon | arian (wv 2) |
| part | dæl |
| part (v) | sceadan |
| party | gebeorscipe |
| past (n) | geardagas |
| pastime | gomen |
| pasture | læs, f |
| path | foldweg; pæð, m |
| pay | gieldan |
| payment | sceatt |
| peace | freod, f; frið |
| peasant | ceorl |
| penetrate | feolan |
| penitence | dædbot, f |
| penance | dædbot, f |
| people | firas; folc, n.; leode |
| perceive | oncnawan; ongietan (5) |
| perform | began (anom); dreogan; ge-læstan |
| perish | gecringan, gedreosan; forweosan; losian |
| permanence | fæstnung |
| permit | alyfan; lætan |
| person | mann |
| pertain | belimpan |
| pervade | geondhweorfan (3) |
| phrase (v) | gefadian |
| pike | hacod |
| piety | arfæstnis, f; æfæstness, f; |
| pious | æfæst |
| pit | seaþ |
| piteable | earmlic |
| pitiably | earmlice |
| pity | mildheortnes |
| place | lecgan; ge-logian |
| plan | hicgan |
| plated | fæted |
| pleasant | fæger; leof; lustbære; lustbære |
| pleasantly | fægere |
| please | lician |
| plenty | fyllo, f |
| plough | erian |
| ploughman | ierþling |
| ploughshare | scear |
| plunder | herehuð, f |
| plunder (v) | rypan |
| plural | menifealdlice |
| poem | leoð; leoðsong |
| poet | scop |
| poetics | leoðcræft |
| poetry | leoð; leoðsong; scopgereord |
| point | ord, m |
| poisonous | ættryne |
| polish | bywan |
| polisher | feormynd |
| pomp | onmedla |
| ponder | geondþencean |
| pool | hringmere (circular); mere |
| poor | earm |
| pope | papa, m |
| population | burhwaru |
| portent | beacen, n.; niðwundor |
| possess | agan |
| possessions | æht, f |
| pouch | fætels, m |
| pound (n) | pund, n |
| pound (vb) | beatan |
| pour | geotan |
| power | mægen; miht; onweald, m |
| powerful | mihtig; rice |
| practise | began (anom) |
| praise (v) | eahtian; herigean |
| pray | gebiddan |
| prayer | gebed, n. |
| preach | bodian |
| precede | foregangan (7) |
| precious | deore |
| precious stone | eorcanstan |
| preordain | foresceawian |
| prepare | bywan; gearcian; gearwian; ge-gearwian; gyrwan |
| prepared | gearo |
| present (adj; as in “the present day”) | andweard; ondweard |
| preserve | gehealdan |
| press out | oðspringan |
| presume | medan |
| prevent | ge-lettan |
| previously | ært1anðe, ært1æmt1e |
| pride | gylp; ofermod |
| priest | mæssepreost; preost, m |
| prince | æþeling; ealdor, m.; leod, m |
| prison | carcern; clustor |
| proceed | astigan; gefaran; feran |
| proclaim | mærsian |
| produce | acennan; atyhtan; forþbringan |
| profound | deop |
| profoundly | deoplic |
| promise (vb) | behatan (sv 7); gehatan |
| promise (n) | gehat, n |
| proper | gecynde; gerisenlic |
| properly | rihte |
| property | æht |
| prosperity | ar, f |
| prostrate (adj) | neowol |
| protect | beorgan, gebeorgan; bewerian; freoþian; ge-nerian |
| protection | helm, m; hleo; mundbyrd |
| protective clothing | hleosceorp |
| protector | hleo |
| proud | gilphladen |
| provide | foresceawian; ge-fremman |
| provisions | metsung, f |
| public | folclic |
| pugnacious | aglæca |
| pull | bregdan |
| pure | clæne; hluttor |
| purge | fælsian |
| purity | clænnis |
| purpose | inwitþanc (hostile); modgeþanc |
| pursue | æfterfylgan; ehtan |
| push | scufan |
| put | ge-logian |
| put to flight | aflyman |
| queen | cwen, f |
|---|---|
| quick | caf; hraðe; hwæt |
| quickly (adv) | arodlice; færlice; hrædlice; ofstlice; recene |
| race | cynn | |
|---|---|---|
| rage | grymetian | |
| rain | rinan | |
| raise | ahebban; ræran | |
| raise up, raise aloft | hafenian; hebban; onhebban | |
| ram | ramm, m | |
| rancour | inca, m | |
| ransom | lysan | |
| rare | selcuþn | |
| ravage | awestan; bereofan; forhergian; hergian | |
| ravaging | hergung | |
| raven | hremm | |
| ravenous | gifre | |
| raw | grene; hreaw | |
| reach | geræcan | reach out: ræcan |
| read | arædan; rædan | |
| readily | geare; georne; geornlice | |
| ready | fus (+gen); gearo | |
| realize | onfindan | |
| rebuilder | betend, m. | |
| receive | ge-geopan; onfon | |
| recently | niwes | |
| recite | gieddian | |
| reckless | recceleas | |
| recognize | oncnawan | |
| recommend | bebeodan; befeolan; | |
| red | read | red-stained: readfah |
| redeem | lysan; onlysan | |
| regal | cynelic | |
| regally | cynelic | |
| region | mearc, f; sceat, m | |
| regret | besargian | |
| regular | regollic | |
| reign (n) | rice | |
| reign (v) | ricsian | |
| reject | forseon | |
| rejoice | gægnian; gefeon | |
| rejoicing | fægen | |
| relate | mænan; reccan | |
| relative | magan; mæg | |
| release | alysan; lysan | |
| relics | haligdom | |
| religion | æfæstness, f; halignes | |
| religious | godcund | |
| relinquish | alecgan | |
| remain | restan | |
| remain behind | belifan | |
| remain standing | ofstondan | |
| remedy (v) | gebetan | |
| remedy (n) | bote, f | |
| remember | gemunan; gemyndgian | |
| remind | gemanian | |
| remnant | laf, f | |
| remove | afierran, aferran (wv 1); astyrian; aswipan; forniman | |
| rend | scieran | |
| render | areccean; gieldan (3) | |
| renew | niwian | |
| render useless | aidligan | |
| renounce | anforlætan | |
| repay | leanian | |
| repel | abaedan | |
| repent | behreowsian | |
| replenish | gefyllan | |
| reproach | ætwitan; edwit | |
| reputation | hlisa, m; lastword | |
| rescue | ahreddan; hreddan | |
| resolute (adj) | anræd; heard; hygerof | |
| resound | dynnan; hlimman; hlynsian | |
| rest (n) | rest, f | |
| rest (v) | restan; ge-restan | |
| restore | niwian | |
| restorer | betend, m. | |
| restrain | abædan | |
| resurrection | ærist | |
| retainer | dryhtguma; selesecg | |
| return | gecierran | |
| return (n) | eftsið | |
| reveal | cyðan; onwreon | |
| revelry | breahtm; mondream | |
| revile | bysmerian | |
| reward (v) | leanian | |
| rich | fæt | |
| riddle | giedd | |
| ride | ridan | |
| ride up to | beridan | |
| right | riht | |
| righteous | rihtwis | |
| righteousness | rind | rind |
| ring | beag, m.; hring | |
| rise up | hlifian | |
| risk (n) | pleoh | |
| rivalry | geflit | |
| river | ea, f; lagustream | |
| riverbank | easteð; ofer | |
| roar | grymetian; hlimman | |
| roast (v) | brædan | |
| rob | bereofan; forstelan | |
| robber | feondsceaþa, m | |
| roebuck | ra | |
| rolling | gelac | |
| rood | rod | |
| roof | hrof | |
| row (v) | rowan | |
| rowing | rewett, n | |
| ruin (n) | hryre, m | |
| ruinous | hreorig | |
| rule | rædan | |
| ruler | anwealda, m; ealdorman; heretema | |
| run | ærnan; irnan | |
| rush | ræsan |
| sack | abrecan | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| sacrifice (n) | lac; offrung | ||||
| sacrifice (v) | geoffrian | ||||
| sad | dreorig; geocor; geomor; geomormod; hygegeomor; ormod; sarlic | ||||
| sadfaced | dreorighleor | ||||
| sadhearted | hygegeomor | ||||
| sadness | geomerung | ||||
| safe | hal | ||||
| sailor | brimliðend; brimmann; flota, m; flotman; lidmann; s&aelida; sæmann; særinc |
||||
| saint | halga; sanct | ||||
| salmon | leax | ||||
| salt | sealt | ||||
| salt-maker | sealtere, m | ||||
| salutary | halwende | ||||
| same | ilca; self | ||||
| sanctuary | herig | ||||
| sand | sandceosol | ||||
| satisfy | fyllan | ||||
| save | ahreddan; beorgan; gebeorgan; hælan; hreddan; ge-nerian | ||||
| say | cweðan; gecweðan; secgan; ge-secgan | ||||
| saying | cwide | ||||
| scholar | bocere; leornere | ||||
| scorn | forhicgan | ||||
| sculpt | ceorfan | ||||
| sea | brim; flot, n; geofon, m/n; holm; holm; hwælweg; sæ | ||||
| seabird | brimfugol; fleotend | ||||
| seagull | mæw | ||||
| sealane | brimlad; lagulad, f | ||||
| sea voyage | sæfor | ||||
| sea water | lagu | ||||
| seamonster | nicor, m | ||||
| seaman | flota, m. | ||||
| search | secan | search for: secan | |||
| secret | deogol; dyrne | ||||
| see | sceawian | ||||
| seek | secan; ge-secan | ||||
| seed | sæd | ||||
| seize | begietan; cepan; fon (7); ge-niman; oferfon | ||||
| seldom | seldon | ||||
| self | self | ||||
| self-employed | hlafordleas | ||||
| sell | ciepan | ||||
| send | asendan; onsendan | ||||
| send forth | fysan; onsendan | ||||
| sense | andgit, n | ||||
| separate (v) | gedælan | ||||
| sepulchre | moldern, n | ||||
| sequence | endebyrnes, f | ||||
| serious | geomormod | ||||
| serpent | nædre | ||||
| servant | cnapa; cniht | ||||
| service | manræden | ||||
| set (vb) | asettan; oðfæstan | set an example: bisnian, gebisnian | set in motion: hreran | set out on a journey: siþ asettan; feran; fundian | set up: asettan |
| severely | miclum | ||||
| shade | scead; sceadu | ||||
| shadow | sceadu | ||||
| shaft | sceaft, m | ||||
| shake | asceacan; acweccan; bifian | ||||
| shame | scand; scomu, f | ||||
| shameful | bysmorful; heanlic | ||||
| shamefully | huxlice | ||||
| shape | hiw | ||||
| share | dælan | ||||
| sharpen | grindan (3) | ||||
| shatter | gebrecan | ||||
| sheath | sceð, f | ||||
| shed | scipen, n | ||||
| sheep | sceap, n | ||||
| sheepfold | loc, n | ||||
| shellfish | sciellfisc | ||||
| shelter (n) | hleo; scurbeorg | ||||
| shepherd | sceaphierde, m | ||||
| shield | bord, n; scield | ||||
| shine | scinan | ||||
| shining | beorht; goldbeorht | ||||
| ship | ceol; flota, m; scip;; merehengest; naca, m; sæbat | ||||
| shipwreck | forlidennes, f | ||||
| shoe | sco | ||||
| shoes | gescy, n.p. | ||||
| shoemaker | scowyrhta | ||||
| shoot | fysan; ofsceotan; sceotan | ||||
| shore | ofer | ||||
| shoulder | eaxle | ||||
| shout | ceallian; clipian, clypian | ||||
| shouting | clypung; hream | ||||
| shove | scufan | ||||
| show | ætywan; gecyðan; iewan | ||||
| shower | scur | ||||
| shrine | scryn | ||||
| shrink | scrincan | ||||
| sibling | geboren | ||||
| sick | healf, f | ||||
| sickness | adl, f. | ||||
| sign (n) | beacen, n. | ||||
| signify | gebicnian | ||||
| similar | gelic | ||||
| simple (adj) | anfeald | ||||
| sin | fyren; leahtor | ||||
| sinner | manshliht | ||||
| sing | asingan; singan; galan; gieddian | ||||
| single (adj) | anlepe | ||||
| sink (cause to) | besencan | ||||
| sir | leof | ||||
| size | micelnes, f | ||||
| skilful | ge-rad | ||||
| skill | cræft; list, f; orþonc; searoþonc | ||||
| skin | fell, n; hyd; rind | ||||
| skulk | lutian | ||||
| sky | lyft, f; rodor | ||||
| slaughter (v) | ofsniðan | ||||
| slay | ofslean; sægan | ||||
| slayer | bana | ||||
| small | mæte | ||||
| smaller | læssa | ||||
| smash | gebrecan | ||||
| snake | nædre | ||||
| snare | grin | ||||
| snow | hrið | ||||
| snowswept | hryðig | ||||
| soak | beswillan | ||||
| solace | frofor | ||||
| soldier | beorn, m.; cempa; fyrdrinc; guðrinc, m; hererinc, m; hildemecg, m; hilderinc, m; hiredmann; hyse, m.; lindwigend; rinc; scealc, m; sceotan; secg |
||||
| solitary | ænlic | ||||
| someone | hwa | ||||
| something | hwa; hwæhwugu | ||||
| somewhere | forhwega | ||||
| son | bearn, n; eafora | ||||
| song | leoð; leoðsong | ||||
| soon | hraðe | ||||
| sore | sar | ||||
| sorely | sare | ||||
| sorrow | cearo; hearm; inwidsorH | ||||
| sorrowful | hreocearig; sarig | ||||
| soul | gast; sawol | ||||
| sound (n) | ansund; hleoðor | ||||
| sound (v) | galan | ||||
| space of a foot | fotmæl | ||||
| spacious | brad; geap | ||||
| spare | arian (wv 2) | ||||
| speak | gecweðan; hleoðrian; maðelian; mælan; gemælan | ||||
| speak of | mænan | ||||
| spear | franca; gafeluc; gar; ord | ||||
| species | gecynd | ||||
| spectral | gæstlic | ||||
| speech | giedd; gereord | ||||
| speech, make a | maðelian; | ||||
| spirit | ferð; gast; mod; modsefa | ||||
| spirited | modwlonc | ||||
| spiritual | gastlic | ||||
| spiritually | gastlice | ||||
| splendid | betlic | ||||
| splendour | gleomu | ||||
| sport (n) | gomen | ||||
| sport (v) | gelac | ||||
| spread | brædan | ||||
| spring (n) | lencten | ||||
| spring (v) | spring apart: onspringan | spring open: onirnan (3) | |||
| sprout | asprytan | ||||
| stab | ofstician; ofstingan | ||||
| staff | sagol; sceaft, m | ||||
| stag | hæstapa; heorot | ||||
| stain (vb) | afylan | ||||
| stained | fah; -fah | ||||
| stake (a claim) | mærsian | ||||
| stand alongside | bestandan | ||||
| stand fixed | ætstandan | ||||
| stand up | astandan | ||||
| stalk | bestealcian | ||||
| start | beginnan (sv 3) | ||||
| statement | cwide | ||||
| steadfastly | fæstlice | ||||
| steadily | fæstlice | ||||
| steal | forstelan | ||||
| step forth | ætsteppan | ||||
| still (adv) | giet | ||||
| stir | hreran (cf. Du “roeren); onhreran | ||||
| stir up | drefan | ||||
| stoop | lutan | ||||
| stop | ætstandan | ||||
| storekeeper | ciepemann | ||||
| storeroom | hedærn | ||||
| storm (v) | abrecan | ||||
| storm (n) | scur | ||||
| story | ge-recednis | ||||
| straighten | gerihtan | ||||
| stranger | gyst, m | ||||
| stream | flod, m | ||||
| strength | ellen, n; mægen | ||||
| stretch out | astreccan | ||||
| strife | orlege, m | ||||
| strike | hnitan | ||||
| strip | behlyþan; ongyrwan | ||||
| strike down | gefyllan | ||||
| strong | forstrang; from | ||||
| stronghold | burg, byrig; fæsten | ||||
| student | leornere | ||||
| study | leornian | ||||
| submit | bugan; gebugan | ||||
| succeed | fon to rice | ||||
| succession | endebyrnes, f | ||||
| sudden | færlic | ||||
| suddenly | færlice | ||||
| suffer | dreogan | ||||
| suitable | gehæp; gelimplice; gemæc; gerisenlic | ||||
| summon | bonnan; clipian, clypian; laðian | ||||
| supplies | metsung, f | ||||
| supply | onstal, n | ||||
| support (n) | fultum | ||||
| support (v) | fultumian | ||||
| surface | sceat, m | ||||
| surround | began (anom); bewyrcan | ||||
| survey | geondsceawian | ||||
| survive | belifan; gedygan | ||||
| swallow | gegeopan | ||||
| sweep away | aswipan | ||||
| swift | from | ||||
| swiftly | hrædlice | ||||
| swimmer | fleotend | ||||
| swimming pool | burnsele | ||||
| swing open | onbregdan | ||||
| sword | bill, n.; ecg; guðbill, n; iren; mece | ||||
| symbol | beacen, n. |
| table | beod, m.; bord, n. | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| tailor | seamere | ||
| taint | geblandan | ||
| take | don; niman; geniman | ||
| take away | forniman | ||
| take heed | geman | ||
| take out | ateon | ||
| take up | onfon | ||
| taste | byrigan; onbyrigan | ||
| teach | læran; ge-læran | ||
| teacher | lareow; magister, m | ||
| teaching | lar | ||
| tear (v) | scieran | ||
| tell | asecgan; reccan; secgan | ||
| temple | herig | ||
| temporary | læne | ||
| terrible | atol | ||
| terrified | anforht | ||
| terrifying | gæstlic | ||
| territory | eþel | ||
| terror | broga, m; ege, m; egesa, m | ||
| test | fandian | ||
| the, that | se, seo, þæt | Note: See chart for forms | |
| therefore | forðy | ||
| they (indef pro) | man | ||
| think | hicgan; hogian; myntan | ||
| thought | hige; gehygd | ||
| threat | beot, n.; feorhbealo, . | ||
| threatening | beotlic | ||
| throne | cynestol; giefstol | ||
| through | geond | ||
| throughout | geond | ||
| throw | sceaotan | throw away: aweorpan | |
| thrust | sceotan | ||
| tide | flod, m; mereflod | ||
| tilling | eorþtilþ | ||
| time | first, m.; hwil; -hwil; mæl; sæl | for a long time: lange; langlice | |
| timid | forhtmod | ||
| tired | meðe | ||
| together | ætgædere; ætsomne; endemes; geader; samod | ||
| toil | gedeorf | ||
| too | toss | cnossian | |
| totally | clæne | ||
| touch | æthrinan; gretan; hrepian; hreppan; hrinan; ge-ræcan | ||
| tower (v) | hlifian | ||
| town | burg, burig; burgtun; burgsteall; ceaster | ||
| track | feorhlast, m; last | ||
| trade | cræft | ||
| translate | areccean; awendan | ||
| trap | betræppan | ||
| trapping | hyrst, f | ||
| trappings | gerædu | ||
| travel | faran (6) | ||
| treasure | beahhord, n.; goldhord, m; hord, n.; maðm | ||
| treasurer-giver | maþþumgyfa | ||
| tree | beam, m. | ||
| tremble | bifian | ||
| tribute | gafol, n; manræden | ||
| troop | heap | ||
| trouble (v) | bysigian; gedrefan | ||
| trouble (n) | cearo, f; myrðu; niþ, m | ||
| troubled | earmcearig; hreoh; hreocearig | ||
| troublesome | hefigtyme | ||
| trout | sceota, m | ||
| truce | grið | ||
| trust | geliefan | ||
| try | cunnan | ||
| tub | byden | ||
| tumult | gedræg; gelac | ||
| turn | hweorfan; hwierfan; gehwierfan; oncierran | turn around: onhwyrfan | turn away: bugan |
| uncle | eam | |
|---|---|---|
| unclothe | ongyrwan | |
| uncooked | grene | |
| understand | asmeagan; gecnawan; forstandan; ongietan (5) | |
| undress | ongyrwan | |
| unfortunate | heardlice | |
| unhappy | heardselig | |
| unhurt | hal | |
| unimportant | leohlic | |
| unique | ænlic | |
| unite | geanlæcan | |
| unity | annis, f | |
| unless | nymþe | |
| until | hwænne; oð | |
| unyoke | ongeocian | |
| up | up to: oð | |
| upon | on | |
| upright | rihtwis | |
| uproar | cyrm, m | |
| urge | manian; gemanian | |
| use (v) | befæstan; brucan; neotan; notian | |
| use (n) | fiorm, f; nytt, f | |
| useful, be | dugan | |
| useful | usefulness | nyttnes, f |
| utensil | fæt | |
| utility | nytt, f | |
| utter | acweðan (sv 5); gecwðan | |
| utterance | cwidegiedd | |
| utterly | clæne; eallunga |
| vain | idel |
|---|---|
| valley | denu, f |
| valuable | deorwierþe |
| various | manigfeald; mislic; missenlic |
| vat | fæt |
| vein | æder, f |
| venom | attor, m. |
| venture | ge-neþan |
| vernacular | folclic |
| verse | fers, n. |
| very (adv) | ful; geneahhe |
| very much | ealfela |
| vice | leahtor |
| viewing | sceawung |
| vigorous | c; hwætaf |
| vile | fracod; ful |
| violence | ecghete; mæenþise |
| violent | hæste |
| virgin | mægð |
| voice | hleoðor; reord; gereord |
| vow (n) | beot, n |
| vow (v) | beotian; gehatan |
| wage (war) | ahebban | |
|---|---|---|
| wait | anbidian | |
| walk | gan; gongan (7) | |
| wander | scriþan | |
| war | guð, f; orlege, m | |
| ward off | abaedan | |
| warband | duguð | |
| warrior | beadurinc, m.; beorn, m.; cempa; dreng, m.; dryhtguma; folcwiga; fyrdrinc; garbuend; guðrinc, m; hæle, m hæeþ, m hildemecg, m; hilderinc, m; hiredmann; hyse, m.; lindwigend magorinc; rinc; scealc, m; sceotan; secg |
|
| wasteland | mor | |
| water | brim; lagustream; wæter | |
| water, body of | flod, m | |
| wave (v) | hwearfian | |
| wave (n) | saltyþ | |
| way | foldweg | |
| way of life | drohtoð | |
| wealth | blæd; ead, n. | |
| weary | meðe | |
| weave | bregdan | |
| weave together | gebregdan | |
| weep | greotan; reotan | |
| weigh down | hefigan | |
| well | fægere | |
| well-known | cuð | |
| whale | hwæl | |
| whaling | hwæhuntoþ | |
| what | hwa; hwelc | what kind of: hwelc |
| when | mid þam þe mid þy þe |
|
| whence | hwanon | |
| where | hwær; hwider | |
| whet | hwettan | |
| whether | which | hwelc |
| while | hwil | |
| whistle | hwistlian | |
| whistling | hwistlung | |
| whither | hwider | |
| white horse | blanca | |
| who | hwa | |
| whole | ansund; gehal | |
| wicked | fracod | |
| wickedly | manlice | |
| wickedness | fyren | |
| wide | brad; geap | |
| wield | ge-reccan | |
| willingly | gelustfullice; lustfullice | |
| wind around | bewerian | |
| window | eagðyrl, n | |
| wise | frod; gleaw | |
| with | mid | |
| with longing for | æfter (+acc) | |
| wither | searian | |
| within (adv) | beinnan; binnan; inne | |
| within (prep) | innan (+dat) | |
| without | butan, buton; -leas | |
| withstand | forstandan; ongeanstandan | |
| woman | cwen, f; cwene, f; fæmne; ides; mægð | |
| womb | hrif, n | |
| wood | holt | |
| word | giedd | |
| work | gedeorf | |
| worker | ceorl | |
| world | middangeard | |
| worry | bisgu | |
| worship | bigong, m. | |
| worthless | idel | |
| wound (vb) | amyrran; forwundian; ge-ræcan | |
| wound (n) | benn, f.; dolg, n.; inwidhlemm; licsar; sar | |
| wounded | feohseoc, adj | |
| wretched | earm; earmcearig; earmsceapen; feasceafig; hean | |
| wretchedlly | earmlice | |
| write | awritan |
| yard | geard | |
|---|---|---|
| year | gear | year-by-year: gearmælum |
| yearning | langung | |
| yield | abugan; bugan; gebugan | |
| yes | giese | |
| yesterday | giestrandæg; gystran | |
| yet | gen; giet; hwæðere | |
| yew | iw, m | |
| yoke (v) | geocian | |
| you | ge (np), eow (ap) | |
| your | eower | |
| young | geong | |
| young people >dd> giogoð |
||
| youth (n) | cniht; geoguð; hyse, m.; mago, m |
| zeal | ellenwodnis |
|---|---|
| zealously | georne; geornlice |